БУЛГАН АЙМАГ БАЯНННУУР СУМЫН ШОРООН БУМБАГАР БУЮУ ТҮЛХҮҮРДЭЖ ОНГОЙЛГОСОН БУНХАН

Монголын анхны “ханын зурагт бунхан” 649 – 657 онд хамаардаг бөгөөд түүнийг Булганы Баяннуурын “Шороон бумбагарын дурсгал” хэмээдэг. Зууван дугуй конус хэлбэрээр дэлдэж зассан шороон дараас бүхий эл булшийг 2001 онд археологич доктор, профессор А.Очир илрүүлж, 2011 онд түүний ахалсан судалгааны баг малтан судалжээ.
Бунханы үүдэвч хонгилын урт 42м бөгөөд гол хаалга хүртэл 7.5м гүн рүү алгуур урууддаг. Хонгилоор уруудах үед баруун, зүүн талд нь нэг нэг хаалга бий. Харин гол хаалганы өмнө хэдэн тоосго өрж, доор нь 3 ширхэг түлхүүрийг нууж тавьсан байсан нь сонирхолтой. Судлаачид тэдгээр 3 түлхүүрээр бунханы хаалгануудыг онгойлгож орсон байна. Дотор нь сүм хийдийн хамгаалагч болох махранз бурхад, тухайн нас барсан хүний дэргэд шадарлаж байсан болов уу гэх хүмүүсийг баримал болгон шавраар бүтээж бунханд мөнхийн харуул болгожээ. Нийт 370 гаруй олдвор олдсоны 135 нь алтан эдлэл байсан ба түүний 40 орчим нь алтан зоос байв.
Бунханы ханыг адууны хомоол, хонины сэвсийг шавартай хольж шавардаад цагаан шохойн уусмалаар нимгэн будаж дээр нь бодит хүний хэмжээсээр 24 хүн, 2 эмээл хазаартай морь, нэжгээд луу, бар, нохой, туг, далбаа, 7 ширхэг модыг дүрсэлж улаан, хар, хөх өнгийн шороон будгаар зурсан байдаг. Ийм ханын зураг бүхий бунхан өмнө нь Хятад, Япон, Солонгосоос олдож байсан ба анх удаа Монголоос олдсон гэдгээрээ онцлог.
Шороон бумбагараас барааны газарт холгүй орших “Шороон дов” хэмээх бунханыг судлаачид тус бунхантай холбоотой байх боломжтой буюу “аав, хүү хоёрын бунхан” гэж үзсэн. Шороон довын бунханаас 200 орчим олдворыг илрүүлсний дотор нэгэн бичээст хөшөө маш чухал өгүүлэмжийг илэрхийлдэг. Тус бунханд оршуулагдсан хүний үйлдсэн гавъяа, гарал угсаа, нэр зэргийг 12 хятад үсгээр сийлсэн байв. Бас нэг бичээст хөшөөнд 774 хятад үсэг бүхий агуулга байсан бөгөөд Пүгү аймгийн тэргүүн Итү гэгч хүн 635-678 оны хооронд амьдарч байсныг дурдаж Итү баруун тийш Төвд, зүүн тийш Солонгосыг дайлах дайнд идэвхтэй оролцож байсан талаар бичжээ. Харин судлаачид Баяннуурын Шороон бумбагарын дурсгалыг тэрхүү Пүгү аймгийн тэргүүн Итү-гийн эцэг Сифү-д зориулсан бунхан хэмээн үзсэн.
Эдгээр бунхануудын талаар АНУ, Орос, Герман, Хятад, Солонгос, Японд тухайн үедээ мэдээ нийтлэл гарч XXI зууны эхэн үеийн чухал ач холбогдолтой археологийн малтлага судалгаанд тооцож дүгнэжээ.

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